| Authors |
Fadeeva Irina Mikhaylovna, Doctor of sociological sciences, associate professor, professor, sub-department of sociology, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), fadeeva5@yandex.ru
Sofronov Dmitriy Aleksandrovich, Postgraduate student, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), d.sof2012@yandex.ru
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| Abstract |
Background. In the context of the social and economic crisis, regional labor markets are becoming less “friendly” for young people: the number of vacancies is decreasing, the requirements for the professional training of young specialists are changing, the communication between educational organizations and employers – consumers of trained specialists is weakened. The subject of the article is interregional migration as one of the mechanisms for overcoming the tense situation in the regional labor markets, as well as finding niches for implementing the career and professional strategies of graduates of higher educational institutions of the Volga Federal District.
Materials and methods. The analysis was based on results of employment of graduates of universities, conducted by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, published in 2016. The regions of the Volga Federal District were divided into groups, depending on the prevalence of entry or exit migration among graduates of higher education institutions. To rank the regions on this basis, was calculated ratio of outbound migration to inbound migration among employed of graduates.
Results. In most regions of the Volga Federal District prevails outbound migration. The main trend is the desire of young people to move to a larger region, which accumulating more resources and providing more opportunities. Trajectories of migration
of young people in general correspond to Russian and global trends: the main direction of migration is the exit from smaller settlements in large ones. Most often graduates move to the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg, the Moscow region or regions with a higher level of socio-economic development, neighboring with “home” region. As a result, the labor migration of most graduates of the achievements of the following goals: first, ensuring oneself by actual employment; secondly, the possibility of raising the level of income in comparison with the remaining graduates in the region; thirdly, the identification of the prospects for consolidation in the receiving region.
Conclusions. The results of the analysis of migration processes among graduates are about the importance of data on population movements in a situation where this occurs at the regional level in the Volga Federal District and in the Russian economy as a whole. The materials of this article allow us to determine the extent and some contours of migration problems among university graduates. The lack of a clear position on the part of the state on this issue, does not allow for the adoption of regulatory and regulatory measures. In the process of working with empirical material, some of its limitations have been identified, in particular, there is no possibility: to analyze the mobility of graduates in the areas of training; identify the most and least demanded in the regions specialties; identify the exact number of return migrants.
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